Seizures induce brain region-dependent enhancements in microglia/macrophage activation. Neuronal subset–specific phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) knockout (KO) mice display hyperactive mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in the hippocampus, cerebellum, and cortex followed by seizures that increase in severity with age. To determine if...

Albino people are known to have vision deficit. Albino animals are shown to have abnormal connectivity and malformation of the visual system. However, not many studies have revealed visual impairment of albino animals in the level of perception. To link anatomical abnormality and perceptual visual impairment of albinism, we compared the perceptual vision...

In-vitro differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into spinal cord neural stem cells (NSCs) can help researchers better understand the cellular processes associated with spinal cord development and regeneration, and provide therapeutic strategies for spinal cord disorders. However, effective and consistent methods for the generation of human spinal...

Objectives 3-dimensional multiple object tracking (3D-MOT) and the useful field of view (UFOV) both claim to measure and train cognitive abilities, such as selective and divided attention implicated in driving safety. 3D-MOT is claimed to improve even young adult cognitive ability. If true, one would expect to observe the transfer of 3D-MOT training...

Objective of the study is to investigate the altered intrinsic functional hubs in patients with comitant exotropia (CE) using the voxel-wise degree centrality (DC) analysis method. A total of 28 CE patients and 28 healthy controls (HCs) similarly matched in sex, age, and education level were recruited in this study. All subjects underwent a resting-state...

Objective Inflammation has long been considered a key factor in learning and memory impairment in patients with vascular dementia (VaD). Studies have confirmed that electroacupuncture can improve the learning and memory impairment of patients with VaD by reducing inflammation, but the specific mechanism of this effect is still unclear. The aim...