Oxytocin (OT) is a promising therapeutic target for several disorders, but encouraging results found in rodents failed to translate to the clinic yet. To fill this gap of knowledge between rodents and primates, we mapped OT fibers throughout the marmoset monkey brain. We found extensive projections in the forebrain and brainstem, similarly to the...

Anti-pituitary-specific transcription factor-1 (PIT-1) hypophysitis, characterized by an autoimmune response against PIT-1, typically presents with undetectable GH and PRL levels, along with significantly low serum TSH levels at diagnosis. Given the limited number of previously reported cases of anti-PIT-1 hypophysitis and its manifestation with complete...

Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) channels are targets for multiple neurotransmitters and metabolic hormones in hypothalamic neurons controlling reproduction and energy homeostasis. For example, TRPC 5 channels in pro-opiomelanocortin neurons are regulated in both physiological and pathological states, and these channels are activated...

Abstract Small-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas (SCNECs) of the female genital tract are rare and aggressive tumors that are characterized by a high rate of recurrence and poor prognosis. They can arise from various sites within the female genital tract, including the cervix, endometrium, ovary, fallopian tube, vagina, and vulva. They are composed of...

Abstract Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) can be a very useful treatment for patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms and metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer but it is routinely avoided in those with advanced kidney disease because it can adversely affect the renal function. Accordingly, no clear guidelines exist on the use of...

Evolution of estradiol action in the hypothalamo–pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis of females. Left, early HPG axis at the time of Moore and Price and Hohlweg. Middle, refinements to the axis, including the hypothalamus as the main central neural player and the postulated regions of control for tonic and surge gonadotropin release by Barraclough and Gorski....