Despite extensive studies on nutrition and the abiotic components of food, the food microbiome remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, a systematic metagenomic sequencing of microbiomes from over 2,500 food sources, integrated with metadata and analyzed in connection with the human microbiome, showed that many members of the gut microbiome may...

PSS1 employs its catalytic histidine and a calcium ion in the transmembrane core to replace the polar head of PC or PE for PS synthesis, and specific PSS1 inhibitors can block this synthesis to activate the SREBP pathway, increasing LDL receptor expression and promoting LDL uptake in cells.

Cryo-EM, used as a sequence- and culture-independent diagnostic tool, identifies the pathogenic parvovirus responsible for an epidemic in farmed beetles and paves the way for countermeasures. The virus structure reveals extensive capsid/ssDNA interactions.

Animal and bacterial cells use related mechanisms of innate immune signaling to restrict viral replication. Here, Hobbs et al. find that poxviruses and bacteriophages use a shared mechanism of immune evasion to overcome conserved host antiviral pathways.

Chloroplast protein import through the TOC-TIC is driven by an essential ATPase motor. The structure of a translocation intermediate ultracomplex between TIC and Ycf2-FtsHi from Pisum, along with the individual structures of the two complexes from Arabidopsis, confirms Ycf2-FtsHi as the import motor and provides comprehensive insights into the chloroplast...

The Ycf2-FtsHi complex functions as a TIC complex-associated ATPase motor in chloroplast protein import. Cryo-EM structure of the native Chlamydomonas Ycf2-FtsHi complex reveals up to 19 subunits, including conserved heterohexameric motor components and multiple green-algae-specific components, which offers evolutionary insights into the conservation...