Decarbonization scenarios are increasingly used for policy design, company strategy, and stakeholder engagement. This article uses a novel database of U.S. net-zero emissions scenarios to highlight the insights and limitations of applying decarbonization scenarios. These comparisons indicate that existing guidance may understate the range and uncertainties...

Aqueous multi-electron metal anodes face challenges in achieving high reversibility and metal utilization, limiting their practical application in low-cost, high-energy storage. This work focuses on the four-electron Sn(OH)62−/Sn redox, uncovers the origin of its low efficiency, and leverages the insights to design a four-electron Sn-Ni alkaline battery...

Vapor-phase deposition dominates industry-scale thin-film manufacturing but remains less prevalent in halide perovskite photovoltaic research compared with solution-based processes. The challenges in vapor-phase processing of halide perovskites lie in the varying volatility of the precursors, necessitating the use of different sublimation sources to...

Consumers and stakeholders can encourage firms to behave in a socially responsible way by applying both positive and negative pressure: supporting responsible firms by buying their shares and products or punishing irresponsible firms through activism. In a detailed empirical setting, we model the decision to limit natural gas flaring as an act of corporate...

The war in Ukraine has severely damaged the country’s electricity system. Rebuilding efforts are being discussed both within Ukraine and internationally, but uncertainties make planning difficult. This study offers a detailed map of the damage to Ukraine’s electricity system, showing that most large power plants have been attacked, reducing capacity...

Development of a gas-permeable membrane reactor for aerobic oxidative lignin depolymerization under alkaline conditions enables precise control over the reaction temperature, time, and dissolved-oxygen concentration. This control allows the rate of lignin deconstruction into aromatic monomers to be optimized relative to the rates of aromatic monomer...