Dark matter annihilation to neutrinos

Author(s): Carlos A. Argüelles, Alejandro Diaz, Ali Kheirandish, Andrés Olivares-Del-Campo, Ibrahim Safa, and Aaron C. VincentAstrophysical and cosmological evidence suggests that 85% of the mass in the Universe is not visible. This dark matter has yet to be incorporated into the standard model of particle physics. A leading candidate for dark matter...

6d

Wall interactions of spin-polarized atoms

Author(s): Zhen WuExperiments with polarized atoms in glass cells show that spin polarization and quantum coherence can survive many collisions of the atoms with the walls, depending on the nature of the wall interactions. This article reviews the physics of the wall interactions of spin-polarized atoms and the experience gained over decades in a field...

2w

Large-momentum effective theory

Author(s): Xiangdong Ji, Yizhuang Liu, Yu-Sheng Liu, Jian-Hui Zhang, and Yong ZhaoIt is an art to match partons defined in the infinite-momentum frame to QCD lattice simulations. Large-momentum effective theory relates properties of Feynman’s partons to partons of finite momentum, using asymptotic freedom to match the former’s properties in the ultraviolet....

4w

Baryogenesis from the weak scale to the grand unification scale

Author(s): Dietrich Bödeker and Wilfried BuchmüllerThe standard model of elementary particle physics, once augmented with Sakharov’s conditions, offers several scenarios to explain today’s matter-antimatter asymmetry. This survey evaluates the paths to baryogenesis. Of special interest is that time-reversal violation in neutrino physics, together with...

Aug 2021

QCD thermalization: <i>Ab initio</i> approaches and interdisciplinary connections

Author(s): Jürgen Berges, Michal P. Heller, Aleksas Mazeliauskas, and Raju VenugopalanEvidence suggests that terrestrial accelerators can create energy densities yielding a state of matter called the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The QGP is the result of thermalization in quantum chromodynamics. Terrestrial accelerators collide protons and nuclei where...

Aug 2021

The entropy of Hawking radiation

Author(s): Ahmed Almheiri, Thomas Hartman, Juan Maldacena, Edgar Shaghoulian, and Amirhossein TajdiniThis article describes recent progress on the black hole information problem that involves a new understanding of how to calculate the entropy of the Hawking radiation.[Rev. Mod. Phys. 93, 035002] Published Wed Jul 21, 2021

Jul 2021

Dynamics of resonant x-ray and Auger scattering

Author(s): Faris Gel’mukhanov, Michael Odelius, Sergey P. Polyutov, Alexander Föhlisch, and Victor KimbergWith high brightness and tunable resolution, x-ray synchrotron light sources have enhanced the ability to characterize materials. This experimental and theoretical overview of elastic and inelastic x-ray and resonant Auger element-specific scattering...

Jul 2021

CODATA recommended values of the fundamental physical constants: 2018

Author(s): Eite Tiesinga, Peter J. Mohr, David B. Newell, and Barry N. TaylorThis review article contains the 2018 self-consistent set of values of the constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA). The CODATA values are based on a least-squares adjustment that takes...

Jun 2021

Near-field radiative heat transfer in many-body systems

Author(s): S.-A. Biehs, R. Messina, P. S. Venkataram, A. W. Rodriguez, J. C. Cuevas, and P. Ben-AbdallahNear-field radiative heat transfer refers to the transport of thermal energy by electromagnetic radiation between objects separated by less than a thermal wavelength. It involves tunneling processes that can lead to large deviations from Planck’s...

Jun 2021

Equilibrium mechanisms of self-limiting assembly

Author(s): Michael F. Hagan and Gregory M. GrasonSelf-assembly is a process in which multiple building blocks spontaneously organize into collective and coherent ordered structures. This process is ubiquitous in soft synthetic and biological systems with examples ranging from lipid membranes, surfactant micelles, virus capsids, and bilayer vesicles...

Jun 2021