Nature Reviews Nephrology, Published online: 25 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00837-xChronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with several alterations in protein post-translational modifications. Here, the authors examine the evidence of these alterations, their links with CKD progression and cardiovascular risk in patients with CKD, and their...

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Published online: 24 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00842-0A new study describes the development of proteomics-based ageing clocks that calculate the biological age of specific organs and define features of extreme ageing associated with age-related diseases. Their findings support the notion that plasma proteins can be...

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Published online: 24 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00838-wThis Review outlines the roles of innate and adaptive immune cells in hypertension. The authors discuss the mechanisms and important properties of immune cells that contribute to hypertension pathogenesis, such as memory and plasticity.

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Published online: 23 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00840-2Clinical algorithms that are used to guide medical decision-making often include sex as a variable. However, binary considerations of sex and/or gender might introduce bias due to potentially inaccurate assumptions about sex and gender-specific physiology, hormones...

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Published online: 19 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00835-zCalcium reabsorption along the nephron is essential for calcium homeostasis and whole-body electrolyte balance. Here, Staruschenko et al. highlight signalling pathways and molecules involved in renal calcium handling in health and disease, and discuss progress...

Nature Reviews Nephrology, Published online: 17 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41581-024-00839-9Clinical trial data suggest that thiazides and thiazide-like drugs could be beneficial for blood-pressure lowering in patients with severe chronic kidney disease. However, prolonged exposure to these photosensitizing drugs could translate into increased risk of...