The freshwater oyster, Etheria elliptica, produces a mineralized adhesive consisting of aragonite nanoparticles that are less dense and more crystallographically disordered at the exterior than at the interior of the adhesive. The resulting material has a gradient in hardness and elasticity with the adhesive closest to the exterior being softer and...

The stability of chemosensor-filled vesicles immobilized on anti-fouling polymer brush surfaces is explored for monitoring small-molecule membrane permeability. Using microchannel cantilever spotting and streptavidin-biotin interactions, vesicles are immobilized into an array. The immobilized vesicles exhibit higher stability than free-floating ones,...

Vertical 2D heterostructures of tungsten disulfide (WS2) and few-layer graphene (FLG) are studied by 4D scanning nanobeam diffraction (4D-SNBD). Grain boundaries (GBs) in the underlying 2D layer are shown to be essential for moiré formation in bottom-up metal–organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) synthesis. Controlling the angle of the GB can...

To solve environmental concerns and limitations of the conventional doping method on polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), a novel bipolar doping method is developed. The mechanical force of an atomic force microscope induces a SiOx layer in deionized water. Using the SiOx layer, the work function of poly-Si is controlled in dual directions. Therefore,...

A systematic on-surface study on the effect that polymerizing porphyrin units via Ullmann coupling has on the Ni ions stabilized within the center of porphyrins is introduced. The Cu(111) support activates molecular magnetism for both the single-molecule reference related to nickel tetraphenylporphyrin and the extended molecular nanostructure with...

In this study, nitrogen is doped into VO2 thin films through mist chemical vapor deposition, and the effect of the doping on metal–insulator transition (MIT) temperatures is investigated. The sample grown at 425 °C exhibits a considerable change in resistance because of MIT at approximately 29.5 °C. These results prove the potential for smart window...