Introduction Low cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease by up to 8-fold, and is one of the strongest predictors of mortality. Some studies demonstrate impaired CRF in people living with type 1 and type 2 diabetes compared to those without diabetes, while others demonstrate no diabetes-associated impairment...

Background Skeletal muscle loss is prevalent throughout the cancer continuum and correlates with morbidity and mortality. Resistance exercise has been trialed to mitigate skeletal muscle loss. This systematic review summarizes and qualitatively synthesizes the effects of resistance exercise on muscle-related outcomes in adult cancer populations,...

Purpose We investigated the effects of low and high volume speed endurance training (SET), with a reduced training volume, on sprint ability, short- and long-term exercise capacity, muscle mitochondrial properties, ion transport proteins and maximal enzyme activity in highly trained athletes. Methods Highly-trained male cyclists (V̇O2max:...

Purpose Exercise training during the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) 70-day bed rest study effectively counteracted the decline in aerobic capacity, muscle mass, strength, and endurance. We aimed to characterize the genomic response of the participants' vastus lateralis (VL) on day 64 of bed rest with and without exercise...

Purpose Our aim was to evaluate the accuracy of a combined airway inflammatory biomarker assessment in diagnosing asthma in elite water sports athletes. Methods Members of the Hungarian Olympic and Junior Swim Team and elite athletes from other aquatic disciplines were assessed for asthma by objective lung function measurements, and...

Purpose To investigate the effect of the MC and endogenous sex hormone concentrations on performance-determining variables in three distinct MC phases in endurance-trained females. Methods Twenty-one eumenorrheic trained/highly trained endurance athletes completed a standardized test battery during the early follicular phase (EFP),...