AbstractBackgroundInfluenza vaccine viruses grown in eggs may acquire egg-adaptive mutations that may reduce antigenic similarity between vaccine and circulating influenza viruses and decrease vaccine effectiveness. We compared cell- and egg-based quadrivalent influenza vaccines (QIVc and QIVe, respectively) for preventing test-confirmed influenza over...

AbstractBackgroundIn 2021, the state of Arizona experienced the largest focal outbreak of West Nile virus (WNV) in US history. Timely and accurate diagnostic testing remains a challenge for WNV due to transient viremia and limited immunoassay specificity. Recent studies have identified whole blood (WB) and urine as more sensitive specimen types for...

AbstractBackgroundLamivudine + dolutegravir maintenance dual therapy (DT) could be less effective than 3-drug therapy (TT) in the context of resistance-associated mutations to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). The ARCA database was queried to test this hypothesis with a trial emulation strategy.MethodsPeople with HIV taking 2 NRTIs...

AbstractBackgroundHuman adenoviruses (HAdVs) can cause outbreaks of flu-like illness in university settings. Most infections in healthy young adults are mild; severe illnesses rarely occur. In Fall 2022, an adenovirus outbreak was identified in university students.MethodsHAdV cases were defined as university students 17–26 years old who presented to...

AbstractBackgroundThe National Institutes of Health (NIH) mobilized more than $4 billion in extramural funding for the COVID-19 pandemic. Assessing the research output from this effort is crucial to understanding how the scientific community leveraged federal funding and responded to this public health crisis.MethodsNIH-funded COVID-19 grants awarded...

To theEditor—We read with great interest the recent update on National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) survey data from antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) by O’Leary et al [1]. In particular, we are impressed with the substantial improvement reported by critical access hospitals (CAHs) meeting the 7 Core Elements (19.6% in 2014 vs 88.9% in 2021)...