Abstract This article explores the convict-punishment settlement of Port Macquarie on the mid-north coast of New South Wales between 1821 and 1847. Synthesizing previous and new historical and archaeological research, it identifies a range of major and minor sites of labor, accommodation, reform, and punishment within the settlement’s...

Abstract Notable shortcomings and difficulties can be identified along the cultural-heritage value chain that can result in missed opportunities with respect to vulnerable cultural and architectural heritage, especially in the case of industrial architectural heritage. Shortcomings have been observed in the early documentation stage,...

Abstract Historical developments on the flood-prone terraces below Willamette Falls involved deliberate modification of the landscape through construction of artificial ground. Evidence of this practice was found on the north side of the Oregon City Woolen Mill, built in 1864–1865, where at various times a saloon, hotel, and grocery...